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Choiceology · March 14, 2022 · 30m

When Sunk Costs Take Flight

The story of Howard Hughes's Spruce Goose — the largest airplane ever built, and a monument to the sunk cost fallacy. Milkman uses the story to explain why we throw good money after bad and how to recognize the trap.

Canon

Milkman shows how the sunk cost effect escalates: each dollar spent raises the perceived cost of abandoning the project, creating a treadmill where the deeper you go, the harder it is to stop.

Highlights

The sunk cost fallacy — past spending should not influence future decisions
Hughes spent $23 million (1940s dollars) on the Spruce Goose and refused to stop even when the plane was clearly impractical. The sunk costs felt like a reason to continue; rational analysis said they weren't.